std::vector<int> v;
v.push_back(41);
v.push_back(v.back());
The second push_back() can cause the vector to reallocate.
Yes, and implementations jump through hoops to make this work.
If reallocation is necessary in this case, what we'll do is:
- Allocate the new buffer of size 2.
- Construct the new element (`41`) into the new buffer. (If this throws, deallocate the old buffer.)
- Move `41` from the old buffer to the new buffer. (This can't throw.)
- Destroy the old element and deallocate the old buffer.
If instead of `int` you'd used a type that can't be nothrow moved, then we'd do:
- Allocate the new buffer of size 2.
- Construct the new element (`41`) into the new buffer. (If this throws, deallocate the old buffer.)
- Copy `41` from the old buffer to the new buffer. (If this throws, destroy the new element and deallocate the old buffer.)
- Destroy the old element and deallocate the old buffer.
Reallocation on `insert`-into-the-middle-of-a-vector is generally done something like the same way: Construct the new element first, then move the old elements around it.
–Arthur