Sorry, one more question: are you making a parallel WG14 proposal?

            Peter

From: SG16 <sg16-bounces@lists.isocpp.org> On Behalf Of Corentin via SG16
Sent: 28 May 2020 09:04
To: SG16 <sg16@lists.isocpp.org>
Cc: Corentin <corentin.jabot@gmail.com>
Subject: [SG16] Redefining Lexing in terms of Unicode

EXTERNAL MAIL

Hello.

Following some Twitter discussions with Tom, Alisdair and Steve, I would like to propose that lexing should be redefined in terms of Unicode.

This would be mostly a wording change with limited effect on implementations and existing code.

Current state of affair:

Any character not in the basic source character set is converted to a universal character name \uxxxx, whose values map 1-1 to unicode code points

The execution character set is defined in terms of  the basic source character set

\u and \U sequences can appear in identifiers and strings

\u and \U sequences are reverted in raw string literals.

Proposed, broad strokes

• In phase 1, Abstract physical characters are mapped 1-1 to a sequence of Unicode code points that represent these characters, such that the internal representation and the physical source represent the same sequence of abstract characters. This tightens what transformations implementers can do in phase 1 
• Additionally in phase 1, we want to mandate that compiler support source files that are utf8-encoded (aka there must exist some mechanism for the compiler to accept such physical source files, it doesn't need to be the only supported format or even the default)
• The internal representation is a sequence of Unicode codepoint, but the way it is represented or stored is not specified. This would still allow implementations to store code-points as \uxxxx if they so desired.
• The notion of universal character name is removed, the wording would consistently refer to Unicode code points
• \u and \U sequences are redefined as escape sequences for string and character literals.
• raw string literals would only require reverting line splitting
• The basic execution character sets (narrow and wide) are redefined such that they don't depend on the definition of basic source character set - but they remained unchanged
• The notion of basic source character set is removed
• Source character set is redefined as being the Unicode character set
• The grammar of identifier would be redefined in terms of XID_Start + _ and XID_Continue, pending P1949 approval

The intent with these changes is to limit modifications to the behavior or implementation of existing implementations, there is however a breaking behavior change

Identifiers which contain \u or \U escape sequences would become ill-formed since with these new rules \u and \U can only appear in string and characters literals.

I suggest that either

- We make such identifier ill-formed

- We make such identifier deprecated. 

The reason is that this feature is not well-motivated (such identifier exists for compatibility between files of different encoding which cannot represent the same characters but in practice 

can only be used on extern identifiers and identifiers declared in modules or imported headers as most implementations do not provide a per-header encoding selection mechanism), and

is hard to use properly (such identifiers are indeed hardly readable)

The same result could be achieve with a reification operator such as proposed by P1240, ie: [: "foo\u0300" :] = 42;

The hope is that these changes would make it less confusing for any one involve how lexing is perform.

I do expect this effort to be rather involved, (and I am terrible at wording).

What do you think?

Any one willing to help over the next couple of years?

Cheers,

Corentin