Hi,

Consider the following code:

#include <type_traits>

struct A {};
struct B : A { char ch; };

struct C : A {
    B b;
};

static_assert(std::is_standard_layout_v<C>);
static_assert(sizeof(C) == 2);

In my reading of https://eel.is/c++draft/class.prop#3 C is standard-
layout. GCC with libstdc++ agrees.

However the offset of a `b` subobject within an object of C is 1
instead of 0 as compiled by both gcc and clang, making it definitely
not pointer-interconvertible with the parent object, even though it's
required to be:

https://eel.is/c++draft/basic.compound#4.3

Note that there are two subobjects of type A, requiring different
addresses, which makes implementing this tricky, if not impossible.

Anyway, https://eel.is/c++draft/class.prop#note-2 suggests that Cis not
intended to be standard-layout, however C satisfies the corresponding
normative wording https://eel.is/c++draft/class.prop#3.7:

* M(C): https://eel.is/c++draft/class.prop#3.7.2 applies, M(C) is the
union of {B} and M(B)
* M(B) same applies, M(B) is union of {char} and M(char)
* M(char): empty https://eel.is/c++draft/class.prop#3.7.5

Therefore M(C) is {B, char}, none of which is a base of C.

Is this a defect, or did I make a mistake somewhere in my reasoning?

Cheers,
Lénárd